![]() ![]() The establishment of Polish statehood can be traced to 966, when the pagan ruler of a realm coextensive with the territory of present-day Poland embraced Christianity and converted to Catholicism. However, it was the Western Polans who dominated the region and gave Poland its name. ![]() Throughout the late antiquity period it became extensively diverse, with various cultures and tribes settling on the vast Central European Plain. The history of human activity on Polish soil spans thousands of years. ![]() The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia ( Kaliningrad Oblast) to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. Poland's territory extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south. Other major cities include Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Poland has a population of nearly 38.5 million people, and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces, covering an area of 312,696 km 2 (120,733 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country located in Central Europe. ![]()
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